10-18-2007
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Re: Ancient history of india PART 3
In course of time ,the ARYANS got devided into tribes which had setteled in different regions of northwest india.Tribal chieftainship gradually became hereditary,though the chief usually functioned in consultation with either a committee or the entire tribe.Still later,with the creation of diverse kinds of vocation the internal division of the Aryan society developed along caste lines.
Their social framework was composed mainly of the following groups:the Brahmana(priests and scholars),Kshatriya(warriors),Vaishya(farmers and traders)and Shudra (menial workers).it was the begining ,a division of occupations,as such it was open and flexibal .Much later,caste status and the corresponding occupation came to depend on birth,and change from one caste or occupation to another became far more difficult.
the sixth century BC was the time of turmoil,of political and social transformation in india.It was during the period of VARDHAMAN MAHAVIRA (599 BC-527 BC) founded Jainism while GAUTAMA THE BUDDHA (560 BC-480 BC) propounded Buddhism.
VARDHAMAN MAHAVIRA
GAUTAMA THE BUDDHA
Their religions ,preached non-violence towards all living creatures,tolerance and self-disciplin.in the senturies that followed,the Buddhist monk-missionaries and monk spread their religion to other Asian countries including Sri Lanka,china,japan,korea,to the name of few,where it is practiced till today.
With land becomming property and society being devided on basis of occupations and castes,conflicts and disorders were bound to arise.Organised power to resolve these issues therefore emerged,gradually leading to the formation of full-fledged state systems,growing into mighty empires.
By the end of the third century BC,most parts of northern india were knit together into an empire by CHANDRAGUPT MAURYA who ruled between 322-298 BC.
The Court of Chandragupt Maurya painted on dome
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